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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK v. RBL ENTERPRISES

This case has been cited 3 times or more.

2014-09-24
MENDOZA, J.
Moral damages are explicitly authorized in breaches of contract when the defendant has acted fraudulently or in bad faith.[31]  Exemplary damages, on the other hand, are intended to serve as an example or a correction for the public good.  Courts may award them if the defendant is found to have acted in a wanton, fraudulent, reckless, oppressive, or malevolent manner.[32]
2012-06-27
LEONARDO-DE CASTRO, J.
Simply put, a mortgage is a real right, which follows the property, even after subsequent transfers by the mortgagor.  "A registered mortgage lien is considered inseparable from the property inasmuch as it is a right in rem."[41]
2010-10-13
DEL CASTILLO, J.
To justify a grant of actual or compensatory damages, the amount of loss must be proved with a reasonable degree of certainty, based upon competent proof and the best evidence obtainable by the injured party.[39]  The projected sum of P10 million sales cannot thus be the proper base in computing actual damages. Calibre computed its lost income based only on its capability to sell around P10 Million, not on the actual income earned in the past years to properly compute the average income/profit.